Photography

1) Different types of photography

Advertising ,Aerial, Architectural, Astronomical, Baby,Black and White, Cityscape, Commercial, Concert, Digital, Documentary, Equine, Family, Fine art, Food, Glamour or fashion, Infrared, Landscape, Macro, Nature, Night, Pet, Portrait, Seascape, Travel, Underwater, Wedding and Wildlife Photography

2) Equipments

cameras, lenses, flashes, tripods, and camera cases

3) Aperture

opening that determines the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane

4) Focus

The adjustment to place the sharpest focus where it is desired on the subject.

5) Shutter Speed

It is the adjustment of the speed of the shutter to control the amount of time during which the imaging medium is exposed to light for each exposure. It can be used to control the amount of light striking the image plane. Quicker shutter speeds can be used to decrease both the amount of light and the amount of image blurring from motion of the subject and/or camera.

6) ISO speed

he measure of a photographic film's sensitivity to light, determined by sensitometry and measured on various numerical scales, the most recent being the ISO system. Relatively insensitive film, with a correspondingly lower speed index requires more exposure to light to produce the same image density as a more sensitive film, and is thus commonly termed a slow film.

7) Metering

Measurement of exposure so that highlights and shadows are exposed according to what the photographer wants.

8) White Balance

we adjust white balance to get the colors in our images as accurate as possible.

9) Composition (Rules)

Rule of Thirds : The human eye is naturally drawn to a point about two-thirds up a page. Crop the photo so that the main subjects are located around one of the intersection points rather than in the center of the image.

Golden Section Rule : Certain points in a picture's composition automatically attracts the viewer's attention.

Diagonal Rule : Important elements of the picture should be placed along the diagonals formed from halving the picture, then dividing the pictures into three parts with the adjacent side divided so that the lines connecting the resulting points from a diagonal frame.

10) Techniques

Photographic Composition, Center of Interest, Subject placement, Simplicity, Viewpoint, Camera Angle, Balance, Shapes and Lines, Contrast, Framing, Foreground, Background, Perspective, Basic Lighting Techniques and Composition & Basic Shots.

Sources:

http://photoinf.com/General/NAVY/Photographic_composition_Balance.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography

http://www.photographytips.com/page.cfm/30

http://photography.about.com/od/photographyequipment/Photography_Equipment.htm